A model public toilet service in an urban context that improves management and income for the urban poor: Field action report

In Ethiopia, public toilets are commonly provided and managed by municipalities or designated government structures. This traditional model of public toilet management is limited in its ability to generate income for upkeep. To address this, USAID’s Strengthening Ethiopia’s Urban Health Program developed a public toilet management model with an integrated business approach and multiple construction design options. This article was posted in the Ethiopian Journal for Health Development in 2020.